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[[File:பத்துத்தூண்1.jpg|thumb|Old picture of Pathu Thoon]]
[[File:பத்துத்தூண்1.jpg|thumb|Old picture of Pathu Thoon]]
[[File:Pathu-thoon-ten-pillar-madurai-5.webp|thumb|Lingam in Pathu Thoon]]
[[File:Pathu-thoon-ten-pillar-madurai-5.webp|thumb|Lingam in Pathu Thoon]]
''Pathu Thoon'' (Ten Pillars) 1636 AD are ten big stones located in Madurai. These belong to the Thirumalai Nayakkar period. Archeologists consider these pillars to be the frontage of Muthiyaalu Nayakkar's palace. He is the younger brother of Madurai Thirumalai Nayakkar.  
''Pathu Thoon'' (Ten Pillars) 1636 AD are ten big stone pillars constructed during the Thirumalai Nayakkar period in Madurai. Archeologists consider these pillars to be the frontage of the palace of Muthiyaalu Nayakkar, who was the younger brother of Thirumalai Nayakkar.  
== Location ==
== Location ==
''Pathu Thoon'' lane is located amidst the Navabath Kana street and Mahal Vadampookki street, situated north of the Thirumalai Nayakkar's palace in Madurai. The ''Pathu Thoon'' is engulfed by houses present in the lane. Madurai Meenakshi Amman temple and Thirumalai Nayakkar Mahal are located near the ''Pathu Thoon'' . It can be reached via a congested lane called ''Vilakku Thoon'' (lamp pillar).  
''Pathu Thoon'' lane lies in between the Navabath Kana street and Mahal Vadampookki street, situated north of the Thirumalai Nayakkar's palace in Madurai. The pillars are engulfed by houses present in the lane. Madurai Meenakshi Amman temple and Thirumalai Nayakkar Mahal are located near the ''Pathu Thoon'' . It can be reached through a congested lane called ''Vilakku Thoon'' (lamp pillar).  
== History ==
== History ==
Swarga Vilasam palace built by Thirumalai Nayakkar in Madurai is called as Thirumalai Nayakkar Mahal in recent times. As part of this palace, Ranga Vilasam palace was constructed in 1636 AD as a residence for Thirumalai Nayakkar's younger brother Muthiyaalu Nayakkar. ''Pathu Thoon'' or the Ten Pillars is said to be the frontage of that palace, Ranga Vilasam. Other sections of that palace are not present anymore.
Swarga Vilasam palace, now known as Thirumalai Nayakkar mahal, was built by Thirumalai Nayakkar. Within the grounds of this palace, the Ranga Vilasam palace was constructed in 1636 AD as a residence for Thirumalai Nayakkar's younger brother Muthiyaalu Nayakkar. ''Pathu Thoon'' or the Ten Pillars is said to be the frontage of Ranga Vilasam. Other sections of this palace are not present anymore.  


R. Venkataraman, historian specializing in Madurai history says, 'after the life of Thirumalai Nayakkar, Head-quarters of Naykkar Kingdom changed from Madurai to Thrichy. During this time, the precious segments of the Ranga Vilasam were transported and rest were abandoned'. Later, the forts at the north side were damaged during the Madurai invasion of Chanda Sahib and in the course of time vanished. Presently, only the ''Pathu Thoon'' remain.  
R. Venkataraman, historian specializing in Madurai history says, "after the life of Thirumalai Nayakkar, Head-quarters of Nayakkar Kingdom changed from Madurai to Trichy. During this time, the valuable segments of the Ranga Vilasam were transported and rest were abandoned". Later, the forts at the North side were damaged during the Madurai invasion of Chanda Sahib and in the course of time, vanished. Presently, only the ''Pathu Thoon'' remain.  


''Pathu Thoon'' (Ten Pillars) were declared as archeological monuments of Tamil Nadu on July 20, 1973 and are protected by the Tamil Nadu State Department of Archaeology.  
''Pathu Thoon'' (Ten Pillars) were declared as archeological monuments of Tamil Nadu on July 20, 1973 and are protected by the Tamil Nadu State Department of Archaeology.  
 
== Breakage of Wall ==
== மதில் இடிப்பு ==
An entrance is said to have been at the east of ''Pathu Thoon'', to the north of Thirumalai Nayakkar mahal. Its wall was 274 meter long, 183 meter wide and 12 meters high. The wall was demolished in 1837 as it was in danger of collapsing.
திருமலை நாயக்கர் மகாலின் வடக்கு பகுதியில் அமைந்த பத்து தூண்களுக்கு கிழக்கே ஒரு நுழைவாயில் இருந்திருக்கிறது. அதற்கான மதில் 274 மீட்டர் நீளமும், 183 மீட்டர் அகலமும், 12 மீட்டர் உயரமும் கொண்டதாய் விளங்கியது. இடிந்து விழுந்து ஆபத்து ஏற்படுத்தும் நிலையில் இருந்ததால், இந்த சுவர் 1837- ஆம் ஆண்டு இடிக்கப்பட்டது.
== Pathu Thoon Lane ==
== Pathu Thoon Lane ==
நாயக்கர் ஆட்சிக்காலத்தில் பட்டு நெசவு செய்யும் சௌராஷ்டிர மக்கள் மதுரையில் அரண்மனையை ஒட்டி குடியேற்றப்பட்டனர். பட்டு மதிப்பு மிக்க பொருள் ஆகையால் அவர்கள் காவலுக்குட்பட்ட தெருக்களில் வாழ்ந்தனர். அரண்மனை வளாகம் கைவிடப்பட்டபோது அவர்கள் பத்துத்தூண்களைச் சுற்றி வீடுகளை கட்டி குடியேறினர். பட்டுநூல் சந்தாக இருந்த அப்பகுதி பின்னர் சிறிய துணிக்கடைகள் நிறைந்ததாக மாறியது.
During the Nayakkar rule, silk weavers from Saurashtra were made to settle in Madurai near the palace. As silk was a precious product, the weavers lived in guarded streets. When the Palace complex was abandoned, they built houses and settled around the Ten Pillars (''Pathu Thoon''). The lane which was famous for silk threads, is now crowded with small textile shops.  
== Structure ==
== Structure ==
வட்டமான கருங்கற்களை ஒன்றின் மீது ஒன்று அடுக்கி இத்தூண்கள் உருவாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன. இக்கற்களின் மீது சுதையும், செங்கல்லும், கொண்டு பூசி அரண்மனைத் தூண்கள் போன்று வழவழப்பாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன. பத்துத்தூண்கள் ஒவ்வொன்றும் ஒரே உயரமானவை. சிற்பங்கள் ஏதும் இல்லாதவை. ஒவ்வொரு தூணும் 12 மீட்டர் உயரமும், 1.20 மீட்டர் சுற்றளவும் கொண்டது. பொறியியலாளர் கூற்றுப்படி செங்கல்லாலும் சுதையாலும் ஆன ரங்கமகால் மாளிகையின் மொத்த எடையையும் சுமந்து அதை உறுதியாக மண்ணில் நிறுத்தும் பொருட்டே இந்த பத்துத் தூண்கள் அமைக்கப்பட்டன. இவற்றின் எடையே மாளிகையை நிலைநிறுத்தியது. இந்தத் தூண்களில் ஒன்றில் ஒரு சிவலிங்கம் புடைப்புச் சிற்பமாக உள்ளது.  
These pillars were formed by stacking round granite stones. Upon these, lime plaster and bricks were applied to smoothen and make it similar to pillars in the palace. All the ten pillars are of the same height and do not have any sculptures. Each pillar is 12 meter high and has a circumference of 1.20 meter. As per the engineers, these pillars were erected to bear the full weight of the Rangamahal palace constructed out of bricks and plaster. The weight of these pillars stabilized the palace. In one of these ten pillars (''Pathu Thoon'') a shivalingam sculpture is embossed.  
== Nearby Archeological Sites ==
== Nearby Archeological Sites ==
பத்துத் தூண் அருகிலேயே [[இராய கோபுரம் (மதுரை)]], [[திருமலை நாயக்கர் மகால்]] ஆகியவை உள்ளன
Archeological sites near the ''Pathu Thoon'' are the Raaya Gopuram and the Thirumalai Nayakkar Mahal.
== Current State ==
== Current State ==
பத்துத் தூண்கள் தொல்லியல் துறை கட்டுப்பாட்டில் உள்ளன. ஆனால் அப்பகுதி முழுமையாகவே ஆக்ரமிப்பில் உள்ளது. கடைகள் நிறைந்துள்ளன. அவர்களின் தட்டிகள் பத்துத்தூண்களில் ஆணிகள் அறையப்பட்டு கட்டப்பட்டுள்ளன. பார்வையாளர்கள் நின்று பார்க்கமுடியாதபடி இடுங்கலான நெரிசலான சந்துக்குள் ஏராளமான துணிப்பொதிகளும் அடுக்கி வைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளன.  
Although ''Pathu Thoon'' is under the control of Tamil Nadu State Department of Archeology, there has been severe encroachment of textile shops and other businesses, damaging the structures while making it difficult for visitors to see the ''Pathu Thoon'' due to the narrow lanes and the stockpile of textiles.  
== Reference ==
== Reference ==
* மதுரை நாயக்கர் வரலாறு, [[அ.கி. பரந்தாமனார்]]
* Madurai Nayakar's history, [[A. K. Paranthamanar]]
== Links ==
== Links ==
{{Being created-en}}
* [https://www.tamildigitallibrary.in/archaeology-details.php?id=jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZt0 Pathu Thoongal, Tamil Digital Library]
* [https://www.tamildigitallibrary.in/archaeology-details.php?id=jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZt0 பத்துத் தூண்கள் தமிழ் இணையநூலகம்]
* [https://www.tnarch.gov.in/ta/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D Pathu Thoon, Tamil Nadu State Department of Archeology(TNARCH)]
* [https://www.tnarch.gov.in/ta/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D பத்துத் தூண் தமிழ்நாடு தொல்லியல்துறை]
*[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/madurai/history-woven-into-this-silk-lane/articleshow/36224081.cms History woven into this silk lane]
*[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/madurai/history-woven-into-this-silk-lane/articleshow/36224081.cms History woven into this silk lane]
*[https://youtu.be/hKW5E9y5dD0 பத்துத் தூண் சந்து- காணொலி]
*[https://youtu.be/hKW5E9y5dD0 Video of Pathu Thoon Lane]
*[https://www.tnarch.gov.in/download/file/fid/1082 TN Arch - Paathu thoon, tnarch.gov.in]
*[https://www.tnarch.gov.in/download/file/fid/1082 Paathu thoon, Document by TNARCH]
{{Finalised-en}}
[[Category:English Content]]
[[Category:English Content]]

Latest revision as of 20:08, 12 July 2023

இந்தப் பக்கத்தை தமிழில் வாசிக்க: பத்துத் தூண் (மதுரை) ‎

Pathu Thoon
Old picture of Pathu Thoon
Lingam in Pathu Thoon

Pathu Thoon (Ten Pillars) 1636 AD are ten big stone pillars constructed during the Thirumalai Nayakkar period in Madurai. Archeologists consider these pillars to be the frontage of the palace of Muthiyaalu Nayakkar, who was the younger brother of Thirumalai Nayakkar.

Location

Pathu Thoon lane lies in between the Navabath Kana street and Mahal Vadampookki street, situated north of the Thirumalai Nayakkar's palace in Madurai. The pillars are engulfed by houses present in the lane. Madurai Meenakshi Amman temple and Thirumalai Nayakkar Mahal are located near the Pathu Thoon . It can be reached through a congested lane called Vilakku Thoon (lamp pillar).

History

Swarga Vilasam palace, now known as Thirumalai Nayakkar mahal, was built by Thirumalai Nayakkar. Within the grounds of this palace, the Ranga Vilasam palace was constructed in 1636 AD as a residence for Thirumalai Nayakkar's younger brother Muthiyaalu Nayakkar. Pathu Thoon or the Ten Pillars is said to be the frontage of Ranga Vilasam. Other sections of this palace are not present anymore.

R. Venkataraman, historian specializing in Madurai history says, "after the life of Thirumalai Nayakkar, Head-quarters of Nayakkar Kingdom changed from Madurai to Trichy. During this time, the valuable segments of the Ranga Vilasam were transported and rest were abandoned". Later, the forts at the North side were damaged during the Madurai invasion of Chanda Sahib and in the course of time, vanished. Presently, only the Pathu Thoon remain.

Pathu Thoon (Ten Pillars) were declared as archeological monuments of Tamil Nadu on July 20, 1973 and are protected by the Tamil Nadu State Department of Archaeology.

Breakage of Wall

An entrance is said to have been at the east of Pathu Thoon, to the north of Thirumalai Nayakkar mahal. Its wall was 274 meter long, 183 meter wide and 12 meters high. The wall was demolished in 1837 as it was in danger of collapsing.

Pathu Thoon Lane

During the Nayakkar rule, silk weavers from Saurashtra were made to settle in Madurai near the palace. As silk was a precious product, the weavers lived in guarded streets. When the Palace complex was abandoned, they built houses and settled around the Ten Pillars (Pathu Thoon). The lane which was famous for silk threads, is now crowded with small textile shops.

Structure

These pillars were formed by stacking round granite stones. Upon these, lime plaster and bricks were applied to smoothen and make it similar to pillars in the palace. All the ten pillars are of the same height and do not have any sculptures. Each pillar is 12 meter high and has a circumference of 1.20 meter. As per the engineers, these pillars were erected to bear the full weight of the Rangamahal palace constructed out of bricks and plaster. The weight of these pillars stabilized the palace. In one of these ten pillars (Pathu Thoon) a shivalingam sculpture is embossed.

Nearby Archeological Sites

Archeological sites near the Pathu Thoon are the Raaya Gopuram and the Thirumalai Nayakkar Mahal.

Current State

Although Pathu Thoon is under the control of Tamil Nadu State Department of Archeology, there has been severe encroachment of textile shops and other businesses, damaging the structures while making it difficult for visitors to see the Pathu Thoon due to the narrow lanes and the stockpile of textiles.

Reference

Links

‎

✅Finalised Page

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