Umaru Pulavar
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Umaru Pulavar is a pioneer among Islamic poets in Tamil. He is the author of Seerappuraanam, an outstanding classical epic in Tamil. He was a great poet to come in the tradition of Tamil Islamic poetry.
Birth, Youth
Umaru Pulavar was born in Nagalapuram village in Thoothukudi district in 1642. He is mentioned to have been born in Hijri 1052, Sha'ban month , 9th day (Pirai) in a poem written by a poet who came in the tradition of Umaru Pulavar. Dr. M. M. Uwais maps this date to A.D 1642, October 25. Umaru Pulavar died in the Hijri 1115 (1703). Hence Umaru Pulavar's period is generally predicted as A.D 1642 - 1703.
This information coincides well with the information we have regarding the periods of Umaru Pulavar's teacher, philanthropists who were his contemporaries, masters in his religion. All historians accept that the Seethakathi Vallal had asked Umaru Pulavar to write Seerappuraanam and had been supporting him. It has been established that Seethakathi Vallal lived between A.D. 1650 and 1713. It is known that Umaru Pulavar had approached Arabic poet and master Seiku Sadakathullah Appa for a theme on which he can write an epic. Umaru Pulavar has written a song on Sadakathullah and included it in his epic. Based on a song by Mohammed Theebi, who was a student of Seiku Sadakathullah Appa, the period for Sadakathullah Appa is said to be 17th century A.D. Umaru Pulavar's teacher, Kadikaimuthu Pulavar belongs to the later half of 17th century. Hence it has been accepted that Umaru Pulavar lived during the second half of 17th century.
Private Life
Most of the notes received regarding Umaru Pulavar's life are based on hearsay. Seikabdul Khadir Nayinar Leppai Alim Pulavar was the very first publisher of Seerappuraanam. He has written the history behind the publishing of Seerappuraanam in detail. But he has not elaborated on Umaru Pulavar's biography. Kannakuhmadu Magdum Muhammad Pulavar who had reprinted many Islamic books, in his third publication, Seerappuraanam, had included few historic notes under the titles "Umaru Pulavar poorviga sarithira surukkam" and "Seerappuraanam seiyappatta sarithira surukkam".
As per these notes, Umaru Pulavar was born to Seiku Muhammad Aliyar living in Ettayapuram, in Hijri 1052. Umaru Pulavar's father belonged to a family involved perfumes trade. The family had migrated from Kerala to Nagalapuram near Ettayapuram.
Umaru Pulavar learned Tamil under Ettayapuram Kadigaimuthu Pulavar. He received his Islamic education from master Seiku Sadakathullah Appa and his student Mohammed Theebi.
Literary Life
Having heard of Umaru Pulavar's excellence in poetry, Seethakathi Vallal (Seiku Abdul Kadhir) invited him to his village and requested him to write the biography of Muhammed the Prophet as a Tamil epic. Agreeing to the request, Umaru Pulavar stayed at Kilakarai and started writing the epic. He received the theme for the epic from the religious master and Arabic poet Seiku Sadakathullah Appa and started on his writing.
Vallal Seethakathi who was supporting Umaru Pulavar for the epic, died before the epic could be completed. After him, Abul Khasim, a wealthy man from Parangipettai started supporting and sponsoring Umaru Pulavar for the epic.
Umaru Pulavar's Seerappuraanam does not contain the Prophet's later years.
