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Oottukkaadu Venkata Subbaiar or Oottukkaadu Venkata Kavi (1715-1775) was one of the most celebrated Carnatic music composers of Eighteenth (18th) century. He has composed many popular keerthanas<ref>Krithi, Musical composition</ref> in both Tamil and Sanskrit. As a vaageyakara<ref>Person who can write krithi, set to tune and sing it</ref>, he has composed many varieties of musical compositions like Jawali, Thillana, Kavadichindu.
Oottukkadu Venkata Subbaiar or Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi (1715-1775) was one of the most celebrated Carnatic music composers of Eighteenth (18th) century. He has composed many popular keerthanas<ref>Krithi, Musical composition</ref> in both Tamil and Sanskrit. As a vaakiyakara<ref>Person who can write krithi, set to tune and sing it</ref>, he has composed many varieties of musical compositions like Javali, Tillana, Kavadi Chindu.
 
=== Birth, Education ===
Venkata Kavi was born to couple from Mannargudi, Ramachandra Iyer and Kamalanayani (Also called as Kamalanarayani) in the year 1715, Panguni month and Makha nakshatra (birth star)<ref name=":0">[https://archive.org/details/dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZY9jhyy.TVA_BOK_0002811/mode/2up?q=%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88&view=theater Tamil Isai Ilakkiya Varalaaru - Mu Arunachalam]</ref>. He lived in Oottukkaadu which is between Mannargudi and Kumbakonam. This place had a temple of Kalinganarthana Krishna. It is said that until the twentieth century, this place had been conducting Bhagavatha mela. He has composed keerthanas on this kalinganarthana Krishna.


== Birth, Education ==
Venkata Kavi was born to couple from Mannargudi, Ramachandra Iyer and Kamalanayani (also called as Kamalanarayani) in the year 1715, Panguni month and Makha nakshatra (birth star)<ref name=":0">[https://archive.org/details/dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZY9jhyy.TVA_BOK_0002811/mode/2up?q=%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88&view=theater Tamil Isai Ilakkiya Varalaaru - Mu Arunachalam]</ref>. He lived in Oottukkadu which is between Mannargudi and Kumbakonam. This place had a temple of Kalinganarthana Krishna. It is said that until the twentieth century, this place had been conducting Bhagavatha mela. He has composed keerthanas on this kalinganarthana Krishna.
Venkata Kavi was scholar in both Tamil and Sanskrit. He learnt his music from Raja Bhagavatar (also known as Natesa Bhagavatar) of Needamangalam. It is said that when Venkata Kavi approached Krishna Yogi by expressing desire to learn music from him, he rejected it<ref>[https://karnatik.com/article003.shtml Oottukkaadu Venkata Kavi - Chitraveena Ravikiran]</ref>. Subsequently, based on his mother's advise, Venkata Kavi took lord Krishna as his guru and started to be in his worship.  
Venkata Kavi was scholar in both Tamil and Sanskrit. He learnt his music from Raja Bhagavatar (also known as Natesa Bhagavatar) of Needamangalam. It is said that when Venkata Kavi approached Krishna Yogi by expressing desire to learn music from him, he rejected it<ref>[https://karnatik.com/article003.shtml Oottukkaadu Venkata Kavi - Chitraveena Ravikiran]</ref>. Subsequently, based on his mother's advise, Venkata Kavi took lord Krishna as his guru and started to be in his worship.  


=== Personal Life ===
== Personal Life ==
Oottukkaadu Venkata Kavi led a saintly life and did not marry. His brother Kattu (Oottukkaadu) Krishna Iyer wrote all his compositions as manuscripts.
Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi led a saintly life and did not marry. His brother Kattu (Oottukkadu) Krishna Iyer wrote all his compositions as manuscripts.


=== Period ===
== Life Period ==
Generally, his period is said to be between 1700-1765. Venkata Kavi's younger brother Kattu Krishna Iyer was one of the poet in Tanjore king Prathap Simha's court between 1739-1763. Hence Kattu Krishna Iyer's period could be said as 1710-1780. Given these pointers, Venkata kavi's period could be estimated to be between 1710-1775<ref name=":0" />. Based on the period, he could have been a contemporary of poets like Mari Muthaiah Pillai and Arunachala Kavirayar.
Generally, his period is said to be between 1700-1765. Venkata Kavi's younger brother Kattu Krishna Iyer was one of the poet in Tanjore king Prathap Simha's court between 1739-1763. Hence Kattu Krishna Iyer's period could be said as 1710-1780. Given these pointers, Venkata kavi's period could be estimated to be between 1710-1775<ref name=":0" />. Based on the period, he could have been a contemporary of poets like Mari Muthaiah Pillai and Arunachala Kavirayar.
In October 29, 1959, his birthday event (Jayanti) was celebrated.
In October 29, 1959, his birthday event (Jayanti) was celebrated.


=== Music Work ===
== Music Work ==
"Idu Oru Tiramamo" in begada raga is the first keerthana composed by Oottukkaadu Venkata Kavi. He has composed 11 keerthanams in Sanskrit language titled "Nava varna Keerthanam". Of his compositions, 289 have been tabulated of which 3 are Thillanas, 102 are Sanskrit keerthanas and 180 are Tamil keerthanas. His compositions include many "Madhyama Kala" (Medium Tempo) keerthanas.
"Idu Oru Tiramamo" in begada raga is the first keerthana composed by Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi. He has composed 11 keerthanams in Sanskrit language titled "Nava varna Keerthanam". Of his compositions, 289 have been tabulated of which 3 are Tillanas, 102 are Sanskrit keerthanas and 180 are Tamil keerthanas. His compositions include many "Madhyama Kala" (Medium Tempo) keerthanas.
 
Venkata Subbaiar has composed as many as 246 keerthanas on lord Krishna. Below are the distribution of compositions on other deities.
Venkata Subbaiar has composed as many as 246 keerthanas on lord Krishna. Below are the distribution of compositions on other deities.
* Vinayaka - 6
* Vinayaka - 6
* Shanmuga - 7
* Shanmuga - 7
Line 28: Line 24:
* Radha - 4
* Radha - 4
* Hanuman - 1
* Hanuman - 1
* Saraswati - 1
* Saraswathi - 1
 
Apart from the above, he has also composed keerthanas on Suga Bramharishi, Valmiki and Jayadeva.
Apart from the above, he has also composed keerthanas on Suga Bramharishi, Valmiki and Jayadeva.


After the period of Trinity of Carnatic Music starting with Tyagaraja, Carnatic concerts predominantly used Telugu keerthanas owing to which compositions of Venkata Kavi were not widely known. Nadhaswara vidwan Rudhrapasupathi from Tanjore learnt his keerthanas and popularized them by playing them regularly.
After the period of Trinity of Carnatic Music starting with Tyagaraja, Carnatic concerts predominantly used Telugu keerthanas owing to which compositions of Venkata Kavi were not widely known. Nadhaswara vidwan Rudhrapasupathi from Tanjore learnt his keerthanas and popularized them by playing them regularly.


Needamangalam Krishnamurthy Bhagavathar<ref>[https://youtu.be/SPN8HSFinSg Needamangalam Krishnamurthy Bhagavatar - Kathakalakshepam]</ref> who is from Venkata Kavi's lineage (6th generation from daughter of Kattu Krishna Iyer, brother of Venkata Kavi) found Venkata kavi's compositions from the Manusripts, did the contribution of compiling, publishing and singing them in his Kathakalakshepams. Kalyanasundaram, Rajagopalan and Muthukrishnan collectively known as Oottukkaadu brothers who hail from another branch of the same lineage of Kattu Krishna Iyer's daughter, have been popularizing the compositions of Venkata Kavi. They have so far notated 70 of Venkata Kavi's composition.
Needamangalam Krishnamurthy Bhagavathar<ref>[https://youtu.be/SPN8HSFinSg Needamangalam Krishnamurthy Bhagavatar - Kathakalakshepam]</ref> who is from Venkata Kavi's lineage (6th generation from daughter of Kattu Krishna Iyer, brother of Venkata Kavi) found Venkata kavi's compositions from the Manuscripts, did the contribution of compiling, publishing and singing them in his Kathakalakshepams. Kalyanasundaram, Rajagopalan and Muthukrishnan collectively known as Oottukkadu brothers who hail from another branch of the same lineage of Kattu Krishna Iyer's daughter, have been popularizing the compositions of Venkata Kavi. They have so far notated 70 of Venkata Kavi's composition.  
 
Today most of the senior and upcoming musicians are learning the compositions of Venkata Kavi and singing them in the Carnatic music concerts. Various South Indian dance forms (Bharatnatyam, Kuchipudi etc.) are using Venkata Kavi's composition for dance performances because of the musicality, layam, raga and it's bhava. 


His compositions "Alai Payude Kanna", "Thaye Yeshoda", "Paal Vadiyum Mugam" are very popular.  
Today most of the senior and upcoming musicians are learning the compositions of Venkata Kavi and singing them in the Carnatic music concerts. Various South Indian dance forms (Bharatnatyam, Kuchipudi etc.) are using Venkata Kavi's composition for dance performances because of the musicality, layam, raga and it's bhava.  


=== Raga Usage ===
His compositions "Alai Payude Kanna", "Thaye Yeshoda", "Paal Vadiyum Mugam" are very popular.  
Venkata Kavi has mostly used the Rakti ragas like Hindolam, Nadanamakriya, Arabhi, Balahamsa etc. in his compositions. He has also indicated name of Pann in one of his composition like Puraneermai Pann (refers to Neelambari raga). He has also used some of the rarely used talam like Sankeerna Matya talam in his compositions. He has composed twelve (12) Tamil keerthanas in as ragamalika. Of this 3 of them contain 3 ragas in its ragamalika, 4 of them contain 4 ragas in its ragamalika and rest 5 of them containing 7 ragas in its ragamalika construct.  


He has also composed in few rare ragas like Lalithagandharvam (Sri Sivanayike) and Dheeparam (Padha sevanam). They have not been used by any other composers. Venkata Kavi has also handled few intricate tala's like Kanda Dhruvam, Sankeerthana Madhyamam and Kanda Thirputam. In his keerthana's he has also handled few tricky laya usage called as Eduppu (broadly mapped as syncopation in western music)<ref>[http://tezme.org/upload/SchoolNotes/bTVofZXl.pdf Eduppu - Place of the beat where starting line of the song is set]</ref> with ease.  
== Raga Usage ==
Venkata Kavi has mostly used the Rakti ragas like Hindolam, Nadanamakriya, Arabhi, Balahamsa etc. in his compositions. He has also indicated name of Pann in one of his composition like Puraneermai Pann (refers to Neelambari raga). He has also used some of the rarely used talam like Sankeerna Matya talam in his compositions. He has composed twelve (12) Tamil keerthanas in as ragamalika. Of this 3 of them contain 3 ragas in its ragamalika, 4 of them contain 4 ragas in its ragamalika and rest 5 of them containing 7 ragas in its ragamalika construct.
He has also composed in few rare ragas like Lalithagandharvam (Sri Sivanayike) and Dheeparam (Padha sevanam). They have not been used by any other composers. Venkata Kavi has also handled few intricate tala's like Kanda Dhruvam, Sankeerthana Madhyamam and Kanda Thirputam. In his keerthana's he has also handled few tricky laya usage called as Eduppu (broadly mapped as syncopation in western music)<ref>[http://tezme.org/upload/SchoolNotes/bTVofZXl.pdf Eduppu - Place of the beat where starting line of the song is set]</ref> with ease.  


=== List of Songs ===
== List of Songs ==
Some of the selected songs of Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi:
Some of the selected songs of Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi:
* Thaye Yashoda Undan (Ragam - Thodi, Talam - Adi)
* Thaye Yashoda Undan (Ragam - Thodi, Talam - Adi)
* Pullaai Piravi Tara Vendum (Ragam - Chenchurutti, Talam - Adi)
* Pullaai Piravi Tara Vendum (Ragam - Chenchurutti, Talam - Adi)
Line 63: Line 56:
* Solli Therivadhillaye (Ragam - Sriranjani, Talam - Adi)
* Solli Therivadhillaye (Ragam - Sriranjani, Talam - Adi)


=== Links ===
== Links ==
 
* [https://archive.org/details/dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZY9jhyy.TVA_BOK_0002811/mode/2up?q=%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88&view=theater Tamil Isai Ilakkiya Varalaaru - Mu. Arunachalam]
* [https://archive.org/details/dli.jZY9lup2kZl6TuXGlZQdjZY9jhyy.TVA_BOK_0002811/mode/2up?q=%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88&view=theater Tamil Isai Ilakkiya Varalaaru - Mu. Arunachalam]
* [https://karnatik.com/article003.shtml Chitraveena Ravikiran - On Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi]
* [https://karnatik.com/article003.shtml Chitraveena Ravikiran - On Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi]


=== Other References ===
== Other References ==
 
* [https://www.oocities.org/vc_sekaran/Oothukkadu_compositions.html Oottukkadu Songs]
* [https://www.oocities.org/vc_sekaran/Oothukkadu_compositions.html Oottukkaadu Songs]
* [https://oothukkadu.com/kavi.html Oottukkadu website]
* [https://oothukkadu.com/kavi.html Oottukkaadu website]
* [http://www.oothukaduvenkatakavi.in/%e0%ae%aa/ Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi website]
* [http://www.oothukaduvenkatakavi.in/%e0%ae%aa/ Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi website]
* [https://youtu.be/yjRoOkax_xU Alaipaayude Kanna by Pithukuli Murugadas]
* [https://youtu.be/yjRoOkax_xU Alaipaayude Kanna by Pithukuli Murugadas]
* [https://youtu.be/Zh43DFtbFhs Paalvadiyum Mugam by Maharajapuram Santhanam]
* [https://youtu.be/Zh43DFtbFhs Paalvadiyum Mugam by Maharajapuram Santhanam]
* [https://youtu.be/fdDo20F516o Kannan Varugindra Neram - Kavadichindu]
* [https://youtu.be/fdDo20F516o Kannan Varugindra Neram - Kavadi Chindu]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsVBhoZg5uo Idu Oru Tiramamo]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsVBhoZg5uo Idu Oru Tiramamo]


=== Footnote ===
== Footnote ==
<references/>
<references/>
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Revision as of 19:45, 10 October 2022

இந்தப் பக்கத்தை தமிழில் வாசிக்க: ஊத்துக்காடு வேங்கட சுப்பையர் ‎


Oottukkadu Venkata Subbaiar or Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi (1715-1775) was one of the most celebrated Carnatic music composers of Eighteenth (18th) century. He has composed many popular keerthanas[1] in both Tamil and Sanskrit. As a vaakiyakara[2], he has composed many varieties of musical compositions like Javali, Tillana, Kavadi Chindu.

Birth, Education

Venkata Kavi was born to couple from Mannargudi, Ramachandra Iyer and Kamalanayani (also called as Kamalanarayani) in the year 1715, Panguni month and Makha nakshatra (birth star)[3]. He lived in Oottukkadu which is between Mannargudi and Kumbakonam. This place had a temple of Kalinganarthana Krishna. It is said that until the twentieth century, this place had been conducting Bhagavatha mela. He has composed keerthanas on this kalinganarthana Krishna. Venkata Kavi was scholar in both Tamil and Sanskrit. He learnt his music from Raja Bhagavatar (also known as Natesa Bhagavatar) of Needamangalam. It is said that when Venkata Kavi approached Krishna Yogi by expressing desire to learn music from him, he rejected it[4]. Subsequently, based on his mother's advise, Venkata Kavi took lord Krishna as his guru and started to be in his worship.

Personal Life

Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi led a saintly life and did not marry. His brother Kattu (Oottukkadu) Krishna Iyer wrote all his compositions as manuscripts.

Life Period

Generally, his period is said to be between 1700-1765. Venkata Kavi's younger brother Kattu Krishna Iyer was one of the poet in Tanjore king Prathap Simha's court between 1739-1763. Hence Kattu Krishna Iyer's period could be said as 1710-1780. Given these pointers, Venkata kavi's period could be estimated to be between 1710-1775[3]. Based on the period, he could have been a contemporary of poets like Mari Muthaiah Pillai and Arunachala Kavirayar. In October 29, 1959, his birthday event (Jayanti) was celebrated.

Music Work

"Idu Oru Tiramamo" in begada raga is the first keerthana composed by Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi. He has composed 11 keerthanams in Sanskrit language titled "Nava varna Keerthanam". Of his compositions, 289 have been tabulated of which 3 are Tillanas, 102 are Sanskrit keerthanas and 180 are Tamil keerthanas. His compositions include many "Madhyama Kala" (Medium Tempo) keerthanas. Venkata Subbaiar has composed as many as 246 keerthanas on lord Krishna. Below are the distribution of compositions on other deities.

  • Vinayaka - 6
  • Shanmuga - 7
  • Siva - 5
  • Ambigai - 12
  • Rama - 5
  • Radha - 4
  • Hanuman - 1
  • Saraswathi - 1

Apart from the above, he has also composed keerthanas on Suga Bramharishi, Valmiki and Jayadeva.

After the period of Trinity of Carnatic Music starting with Tyagaraja, Carnatic concerts predominantly used Telugu keerthanas owing to which compositions of Venkata Kavi were not widely known. Nadhaswara vidwan Rudhrapasupathi from Tanjore learnt his keerthanas and popularized them by playing them regularly.

Needamangalam Krishnamurthy Bhagavathar[5] who is from Venkata Kavi's lineage (6th generation from daughter of Kattu Krishna Iyer, brother of Venkata Kavi) found Venkata kavi's compositions from the Manuscripts, did the contribution of compiling, publishing and singing them in his Kathakalakshepams. Kalyanasundaram, Rajagopalan and Muthukrishnan collectively known as Oottukkadu brothers who hail from another branch of the same lineage of Kattu Krishna Iyer's daughter, have been popularizing the compositions of Venkata Kavi. They have so far notated 70 of Venkata Kavi's composition.

Today most of the senior and upcoming musicians are learning the compositions of Venkata Kavi and singing them in the Carnatic music concerts. Various South Indian dance forms (Bharatnatyam, Kuchipudi etc.) are using Venkata Kavi's composition for dance performances because of the musicality, layam, raga and it's bhava.

His compositions "Alai Payude Kanna", "Thaye Yeshoda", "Paal Vadiyum Mugam" are very popular.

Raga Usage

Venkata Kavi has mostly used the Rakti ragas like Hindolam, Nadanamakriya, Arabhi, Balahamsa etc. in his compositions. He has also indicated name of Pann in one of his composition like Puraneermai Pann (refers to Neelambari raga). He has also used some of the rarely used talam like Sankeerna Matya talam in his compositions. He has composed twelve (12) Tamil keerthanas in as ragamalika. Of this 3 of them contain 3 ragas in its ragamalika, 4 of them contain 4 ragas in its ragamalika and rest 5 of them containing 7 ragas in its ragamalika construct. He has also composed in few rare ragas like Lalithagandharvam (Sri Sivanayike) and Dheeparam (Padha sevanam). They have not been used by any other composers. Venkata Kavi has also handled few intricate tala's like Kanda Dhruvam, Sankeerthana Madhyamam and Kanda Thirputam. In his keerthana's he has also handled few tricky laya usage called as Eduppu (broadly mapped as syncopation in western music)[6] with ease.

List of Songs

Some of the selected songs of Oottukkadu Venkata Kavi:

  • Thaye Yashoda Undan (Ragam - Thodi, Talam - Adi)
  • Pullaai Piravi Tara Vendum (Ragam - Chenchurutti, Talam - Adi)
  • Alaipayuthe Kanna (Ragam - Kanada, Talam - Adi)
  • Paal Vadiyum Mugam (Ragam - Nattakurinji, Talam - Adi)
  • Paarvai Ondre Podhumey (Ragam - Surutti, Talam - Adi)
  • Endha Vidhamaagilum (Ragam - Kambhoji, Talam - Adi)
  • Aadaadhu Asangaadhu (Ragam - Madhyamavathi, Talam - Adi)
  • Swagatham Krishna (Ragam - Mohanam, Talam - Adi)
  • Enna Punniyam Seidheno (Ragam - Ritigoula, Talam - Mishrachapu)
  • Uyndadu Uyndaden Maname (Ragam - Devamanohari, Talam - Adi)
  • Innum Enna Venum Solladi (Ragam - Kambhoji, Talam - Adi)
  • Kan Kanda Deivame (Ragam - Begada, Talam - Adi)
  • Thedi Kandene (Ragam - Malayamarutham, Talam - Adi)
  • Solli Therivadhillaye (Ragam - Sriranjani, Talam - Adi)

Links

Other References

Footnote

  1. ↑ Krithi, Musical composition
  2. ↑ Person who can write krithi, set to tune and sing it
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Tamil Isai Ilakkiya Varalaaru - Mu Arunachalam
  4. ↑ Oottukkaadu Venkata Kavi - Chitraveena Ravikiran
  5. ↑ Needamangalam Krishnamurthy Bhagavatar - Kathakalakshepam
  6. ↑ Eduppu - Place of the beat where starting line of the song is set

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