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{{Read Tamil|Name of target page=அருணகிரிநாதர்|Title of target page=அருணகிரிநாதர்}}
{{Read Tamil|Name of target page=அருணகிரிநாதர்|Title of target page=அருணகிரிநாதர்}}


Arunagirinathar ( 14<sup>th</sup> Century CE) is renowned for ''Thirupugazh,''  an anthology of Murugan songs. The work constitutes songs of rhythmic movement. Arunagirinathar was the pioneer of Tamil musical culture.
Arunagirinathar is a Tamil devotional poet who lived in the 14<sup>th</sup> Century (CE). He penned the celebrated ‘Thiruppugazh’, (meaning, Divine Glory) an anthology of song poems in praise of Lord Muruga. Thiruppugazh songs are set to complex meters and rhythmic patterns called ''Chandams'', and occupy a prominent position in the Tamil musical tradition.  
== Profile ==
== Profile ==
Arunagirinathar was born in 1370 at Thiruvannamalai. His ancestry belonged to ''Kaikola Sengunthar'' tradition. His parents were identified as Thiruvenkattar and Muththamma. According to his biographical story ''Arunagirinathar puranam,'' he was born on a Tuesday in the month of Virgo (''Purattasi'') on the ''Uthiram'' lunar day. In Srilanka, the full-moon day of the month Gemini (''Aunie'') is celebrated as Arunagiranathar day.
Arunagirinathar was born in a Kaikola Senguthar family in the year 1370 at Thiruvannamalai. The Arunachala Puranam identifies his birthday in line with the Tamil lunar calendar and Vedic astrology as ''Purattasi Uttiram, Dhanur Lagnam'' - which places his birth roughly around the month of September-October, under the rising sign of Sagittarius. The names of his father and mother are believed to be Thiruvenkattar and Muthammai. Arunagirinathar’s father passed away when he was still a newborn. He was raised by his elder sister Aadhi. Arunagiri spent his youth gaining expertise in Tamil literary and grammatical works. He was also well versed in Sanskrit. He was married at the appropriate age. Despite his many talents, he indulged in the company of prostitutes. As a result of his vice, he lost all his assets. His body took a heavy beating and he suffered leprosy. His biographers note that Lord Muruga miraculously cured him of his diseases and freed him from debauchery. This lead his journey of writing ''bhakthi'' poems.  


Arunagirinathar lost his father soon after the birth. He was fostered by his older sister Adhi''.'' '' ''He became well versed in Tamil grammar and literature from his childhood. In addition, he learnt Sanskrit as well. He got married at the right age. Yet, he lost all his riches to the other women and suffered from illness due to his excessive sexual desire. It is mentioned in the history books that the deity of Murugan alleviated him from his leprosy disease and Arunagirinathar composed devotional songs on Murugan''.''  
In the song ''Manaiyaval Nagaikka'' (meaning, Ridiculed by my wife) he speaks about being mocked by his parents, relatives and wife. This has lead the researchers to claim that he was married and that his parents lived with him for a considerable period of time. Lord Muruga at the Cheyyur Vedapureeswarar temple was his favourite deity.  


The song beginning, '' Manayaval Nagaikka'' ("Shaming-dame"), Arunagirinathar narrated the hurling invective he endured from his parents and relatives. Based on this song, researchers speculated that he was married, and his parents lived a long life. Murugan of ''Seyyur'' Vedhapureeswarar temple was speculated as his personal deity''.''
Some place Arunagiri in the 15<sup>th</sup> century based on his reference to King Prabuda Deva in the song ''Athala Sethanarada'' (meaning, In the deepest world below, dances the primordial snake, ''Adhisesha'')). In this song, Arunagiri makes a reference to Lord Muruga residing in the joyously dancing mind of King Prabuda Deva who ruled Thiruvannamalai in the latter half of the 15<sup>th</sup> century.


Researchers estimated that Arunagirinathar era belonged to 15<sup>th</sup> century from his veneration poem on the 15<sup>th</sup> century king Prabhuda Deva Maharaja''.''
== Legend ==
== Myth ==
After losing his health and wealth to his sexual indulgences, Arunagiri, unable to contain himself sought money from his elder sister, Aadhi, to indulge again. She responded, "Am I not a woman too?" Jolted and driven to shame by her question he reached atop the hills of Thiruvannamalai with the intention of jumping to death. Lord Muruga appeared in front of him and inscribed the syllables denoting Lord Muruga’s essence ‘''Sha ra va na bha'' ''va’''. Legend says that enlightened by this experience, Arunagiri began writing Thiruppugazh, starting with the name of his mother in the song ''Muthai tharu pathi thirunagai''. (meaning, Her divine smile, with her pearly perfect teeth)  
After losing all his wealth to the other women, Arunagirinathar sought asylum from his sister. She retorted, “Am I not a woman?” Perturbed Arunagirinathar attempted to end his life by leaping off the brow. Murugan came into sight and inscribed Arunagirinathar’s tongue with the mantra ''Saravanabhava''. Enlightened Arunagirinathar started composing the ''Thirupugazh'', “ ''Muthaitharu”. (''Muthu  was the name of his mother).
== Literary Life ==
== Literary Life ==
Arunagirinathar was a scholar in Tamil and Sanskrit languages. His ''Thirupugazh'' includes 16000 songs with 1088 diverse rhythms. He visited almost all the temples of Southern India and composed 16000 songs. The songs display a harmonic blend of literature and devotion. His songs are renowned for the complicated structure of rhythms and beats. ''Thirupugazh'' is one of the most important works of medieval period of Tamil literature. Arunagirinathar dispersed ''Ramayanam'' and ''  Krishnaleela'' in the entire ''Thirupugazh''. He mentioned about the great scholars ''Sundarar'' and ''Thirugnanasambandar'' in the songs. The devotees of ''Murugan'' consider his ''Thirupugazh'' equivalent to ''Thevaram,'' and ''Kandharalangaram'' to ''Thiruvasakam'' and ''Kandharanubhuthi'' to '' Thirumanthiram. ([[Thirupugazh]])''
Arunagiri was proficient in both Tamil and Sanskrit. Thiruppugazh, one of the seminal works of the Medieval period, comprises of about 16000 song poems. Arunagiri travelled across South India in the process of writing these. He has employed more than 1008 ''Chandam'' variations in these songs. Enriched with nuanced rhythms and rhyme schemes, Thiruppugazh is a synthesis of literature and devotion. Arunagiri has made multiple references to Ramayanam in Thiruppugazh. He has also exemplified about Hindu saint-poets such as Sundarar and Thirugnanasambandar. To the ardent devotees of Lord Muruga, Arunagiri’s works are comparable only to the great works of the ''Bhakthi'' poets. They consider Thiruppugazh as the equivalent of ''Devaram'', ''Kandar Alankaram'' as the equivalent of ''Thiruvasagam'' and ''Kandar'' ''Anuboothi'' of ''Thirumandiram''.  
== Publication ==
== Revival and Publication ==
In 1871, Judge [[V. T Subramania Pillai]] of the district court in Chidambaram got fascinated by a quotation from ''Thirupugazh,'' which was nearly forgotten. He traveled all over Southern India, collected the scattered palm leaves on which the ''Thirupugazh'' songs were written. He published the two volumes of the work of Arunagirinathar. The first edition was published by him in 1894. His son [[V. S. Chengalvaraya Pillai|V. S''.'' Chengalvaraya Pillai]] published the second edition in 1901, after the death of V. T. Subranmania Pillai.
In 1871, District Munsif V T Subramania Pillai came across a rendering of songs from Thiruppugazh at a discussion and was captivated by it. At that point, Thiruppugazh's manuscripts lay scattered and forgotten. Subramania Pillai toured extensively across South of India, collected manuscripts and handwritten texts, and published them in two volumes, the first in 1894 and the second in 1901. Post his demise, his son V S Chengalvaraya Pillai published a new edition of these books.  
== Biographies ==
== Biographies ==
The biography of Arunagirinathar is available in various Tamil books.
Various biographies of Arunagirinathar are available.


In 1964, the Tamil biopic Arunagirinathar was released.
* Arunagirinathar - Vel Karthikeyan - Sculptors of Indian Literature
* Arunagirinathar's divine life - M S Rasamanikkam
* Arunagirinathar - Life and Works - V S Chengalvaraya Pillai
* Arunagirinathar's biography - P Sri
* March of Arunagiri - Chitra Moorthi
 
== Film ==
In 1964, a movie titled "Arunagirinathar" was released in Tamil. Playback vocalist T M Soundararajan played the title role.
== Compositions ==
== Compositions ==
* ''Kandharandhadhi'' (102 songs)
* ''Kandharandhadhi'' (102 songs)

Revision as of 01:09, 27 May 2022

இந்தப் பக்கத்தை தமிழில் வாசிக்க: அருணகிரிநாதர் ‎


Arunagirinathar is a Tamil devotional poet who lived in the 14th Century (CE). He penned the celebrated ‘Thiruppugazh’, (meaning, Divine Glory) an anthology of song poems in praise of Lord Muruga. Thiruppugazh songs are set to complex meters and rhythmic patterns called Chandams, and occupy a prominent position in the Tamil musical tradition.

Profile

Arunagirinathar was born in a Kaikola Senguthar family in the year 1370 at Thiruvannamalai. The Arunachala Puranam identifies his birthday in line with the Tamil lunar calendar and Vedic astrology as Purattasi Uttiram, Dhanur Lagnam - which places his birth roughly around the month of September-October, under the rising sign of Sagittarius. The names of his father and mother are believed to be Thiruvenkattar and Muthammai. Arunagirinathar’s father passed away when he was still a newborn. He was raised by his elder sister Aadhi. Arunagiri spent his youth gaining expertise in Tamil literary and grammatical works. He was also well versed in Sanskrit. He was married at the appropriate age. Despite his many talents, he indulged in the company of prostitutes. As a result of his vice, he lost all his assets. His body took a heavy beating and he suffered leprosy. His biographers note that Lord Muruga miraculously cured him of his diseases and freed him from debauchery. This lead his journey of writing bhakthi poems.

In the song Manaiyaval Nagaikka (meaning, Ridiculed by my wife) he speaks about being mocked by his parents, relatives and wife. This has lead the researchers to claim that he was married and that his parents lived with him for a considerable period of time. Lord Muruga at the Cheyyur Vedapureeswarar temple was his favourite deity.

Some place Arunagiri in the 15th century based on his reference to King Prabuda Deva in the song Athala Sethanarada (meaning, In the deepest world below, dances the primordial snake, Adhisesha)). In this song, Arunagiri makes a reference to Lord Muruga residing in the joyously dancing mind of King Prabuda Deva who ruled Thiruvannamalai in the latter half of the 15th century.

Legend

After losing his health and wealth to his sexual indulgences, Arunagiri, unable to contain himself sought money from his elder sister, Aadhi, to indulge again. She responded, "Am I not a woman too?" Jolted and driven to shame by her question he reached atop the hills of Thiruvannamalai with the intention of jumping to death. Lord Muruga appeared in front of him and inscribed the syllables denoting Lord Muruga’s essence ‘Sha ra va na bha va’. Legend says that enlightened by this experience, Arunagiri began writing Thiruppugazh, starting with the name of his mother in the song Muthai tharu pathi thirunagai. (meaning, Her divine smile, with her pearly perfect teeth)

Literary Life

Arunagiri was proficient in both Tamil and Sanskrit. Thiruppugazh, one of the seminal works of the Medieval period, comprises of about 16000 song poems. Arunagiri travelled across South India in the process of writing these. He has employed more than 1008 Chandam variations in these songs. Enriched with nuanced rhythms and rhyme schemes, Thiruppugazh is a synthesis of literature and devotion. Arunagiri has made multiple references to Ramayanam in Thiruppugazh. He has also exemplified about Hindu saint-poets such as Sundarar and Thirugnanasambandar. To the ardent devotees of Lord Muruga, Arunagiri’s works are comparable only to the great works of the Bhakthi poets. They consider Thiruppugazh as the equivalent of Devaram, Kandar Alankaram as the equivalent of Thiruvasagam and Kandar Anuboothi of Thirumandiram.

Revival and Publication

In 1871, District Munsif V T Subramania Pillai came across a rendering of songs from Thiruppugazh at a discussion and was captivated by it. At that point, Thiruppugazh's manuscripts lay scattered and forgotten. Subramania Pillai toured extensively across South of India, collected manuscripts and handwritten texts, and published them in two volumes, the first in 1894 and the second in 1901. Post his demise, his son V S Chengalvaraya Pillai published a new edition of these books.

Biographies

Various biographies of Arunagirinathar are available.

  • Arunagirinathar - Vel Karthikeyan - Sculptors of Indian Literature
  • Arunagirinathar's divine life - M S Rasamanikkam
  • Arunagirinathar - Life and Works - V S Chengalvaraya Pillai
  • Arunagirinathar's biography - P Sri
  • March of Arunagiri - Chitra Moorthi

Film

In 1964, a movie titled "Arunagirinathar" was released in Tamil. Playback vocalist T M Soundararajan played the title role.

Compositions

  • Kandharandhadhi (102 songs)
  • Kandharalangaram (108 songs)
  • Kandharanubhuthi (52 songs)
  • Thirupugazh (1307 songs)
  • Thiruvaguppu (52 songs)
  • Seval viruththam (11 songs)
  • Mayil viruththam (11 songs)
  • Vel viruththam (11 songs)
  • Thiruvezhukootrirukkai

References

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